NLM IRP Seminar Schedule
UPCOMING SEMINARS
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April 25, 2024 Ermin Hodzic
Condition-Aware Cell Type Deconvolution of Bulk Tissues -
April 30, 2024 Wenya Rowe
The conformal central charge of the spin-1/2 XX model derived from long-chain asymptotics -
May 2, 2024 OPEN
TBD -
May 7, 2024 OPEN
TBD -
May 9, 2024 Pascal Mutz
TBD
RECENT SEMINARS
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April 25, 2024 Ermin Hodzic
Condition-Aware Cell Type Deconvolution of Bulk Tissues -
April 23, 2024 OPEN
TBD -
April 16, 2024 Jaya Srivastava
Regulatory plasticity of the human genome -
April 11, 2024 Sergey Shmakov
Comprehensive survey of the TnpB RNA-guided nucleases -
April 2, 2024 Yifan Yang
Fairness and Bias in Biomedical AI
Scheduled Seminars on March 21, 2023
Contact NLM_IRP_Seminar_Scheduling@mail.nih.gov with questions about this seminar.
Abstract:
Recently, mining of bacterial and archaeal genomes for antivirus defense systems has revealed a remarkable diversity of defense mechanisms. Each bacterial genome carries multiple defense systems. Thus, Escherichia coli isolates carry, on average, 5-7 defense per genome that are effective again various phages and act on different stages of infection. In many cases, components of different defense systems are encoded in close proximity to each other, within defense islands. The repertoires composition of defense systems varies significantly even among closely related bacterial strains, but the causes of this variation remain poorly understood. Understanding functional and evolutionary connections between various defense systems is crucial for the reconstruction of the bigger picture of host-virus coevolution. We investigated the patterns of co-occurrence of 110 diverse defense systems in 26,362 complete E. coli genomes and identified many significant positive and negative correlations between the occurrences of pairs of defense systems. We show that some groups of E. coli strains such as those in the phylogroup E, have strong preference for retaining some defense systems, such as Zorya II, Druantia III, and PsyrTA that are rarely present in other phylogroups. Furthermore, we show that negative correlations do not result from antagonistic effects of the respective defense systems, but instead, even if partially redundant, such negatively correlated systems can act in synergy and provide better defense when present together in the cell. Collectively, our results complex interaction between defense systems in bacteria that require further investigation.