NLM IRP Seminar Schedule
UPCOMING SEMINARS
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May 7, 2024 OPEN
TBD -
May 9, 2024 Pascal Mutz
The Riboviria protein structurome expands virus protein annotation and highlights protein relations -
May 14, 2024 Stanley Liang
TBD -
May 16, 2024 Diego Salazar
TBD -
May 21, 2024 Ziynet Kesimoglu
TBD
RECENT SEMINARS
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May 2, 2024 OPEN
TBD -
April 30, 2024 Wenya Rowe
The conformal central charge of the spin-1/2 XX model derived from long-chain asymptotics -
April 25, 2024 Ermin Hodzic
Condition-Aware Cell Type Deconvolution of Bulk Tissues -
April 16, 2024 Jaya Srivastava
Regulatory plasticity of the human genome -
April 11, 2024 Sergey Shmakov
Comprehensive survey of the TnpB RNA-guided nucleases
Scheduled Seminars on April 26, 2022
Contact NLM_IRP_Seminar_Scheduling@mail.nih.gov with questions about this seminar.
Abstract:
Many pathogenic viruses are endemic among human populations and can cause a broad variety of diseases, some potentially leading to devastating pandemics. How virus populations maintain diversity and what selective pressures drive population turnover is not thoroughly understood. We conducted a large-scale phylodynamic analysis of 27 human pathogenic RNA viruses spanning diverse life history traits in search of unifying trends that shape virus evolution. For most virus species, we identify multiple, co-circulating lineages with low turnover rates. These lineages appear to be largely noncompeting and likely occupy semi-independent epidemiological niches that are not regionally or seasonally defined. Typically, intra-lineage mutational signatures are similar to inter-lineage signatures. The principal exception are members of the family Picornaviridae, for which mutations in capsid protein genes are primarily lineage-defining. Inter-lineage turnover is slower than expected under a neutral model whereas intra-lineage turnover is faster than the neutral expectation, further supporting the existence of independent niches. The persistence of virus lineages appears to stem from limited outbreaks within small communities so that only a small fraction of the global susceptible population is infected at any time. As disparate communities become increasingly connected through globalization, interaction and competition between lineages might increase as well, which could result in changing selective pressures and increased diversification and/or pathogenicity. Thus, in addition to zoonotic events, ongoing surveillance of familiar, endemic viruses appears to merit global attention with respect to the prevention or mitigation of future pandemics.